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.TH ERB 1 "Ruby Programmers Reference Guide" "November 7, 2012" "UNIX"
.SH NAME
\fBerb\fP
\- Ruby Templating
.SH SYNOPSIS
.br
\fBerb\fP
[\fB\--version\fP]
[\fB\-UPdnvx\fP]
[\fB\-E\fP \fIext\fP[]]:int
[\fB\-S\fP \fIlevel\fP]
[\fB\-T\fP \fImode\fP]
[\fB\-r\fP \fIlibrary\fP]
[\fB\--\fP]
[file ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fBerb\fP
is a command line front-end for
"ERB"
library, which is an implementation of eRuby.
ERB provides an easy to use but powerful templating system for Ruby.
Using ERB, actual Ruby code can be added to any plain text document for the
purposes of generating document information details and/or flow control.
\fBerb\fP
is a part of
\fBRuby\fP.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\--version\fP
Prints the version of
\fB.\fP
.TP
\fB\-E\fP \fIexternal\fP[]:\fIinternal\fP
.TP
\fB\--encoding\fP \fIexternal\fP[]:\fIinternal\fP
Specifies the default value(s) for external encodings and internal encoding. Values should be separated with colon (:).
You can omit the one for internal encodings, then the value
("Encoding.default_internal") will be nil.
.TP
\fB\-P\fP
Evaluates lines starting with
"%"
as Ruby code and removes the tailing EOLs.
.TP
\fB\-S\fP \fIlevel\fP
Specifies the safe level in which eRuby script will run.
.TP
\fB\-T\fP \fImode\fP
Specifies trim mode (default 0).
\fImode\fP
can be one of
.TP
.B 0
EOL remains after the embedded ruby script is evaluated.
.TP
.B 1
EOL is removed if the line ends with
"%>".
.TP
.B 2
EOL is removed if the line starts with
"<%"
and ends with
"%>".
.TP
.B -
EOL is removed if the line ends with
"-%>".
And leading whitespaces are removed if the erb directive starts with
"<%-".
.TP
\fB\-U\fP
can be one of
Sets the default value for internal encodings
("Encoding.default_internal") to UTF-8.
.TP
\fB\-d\fP
.TP
\fB\--debug\fP
Turns on debug mode.
"$DEBUG"
will be set to true.
.TP
\fB\-h\fP
.TP
\fB\--help\fP
Prints a summary of the options.
.TP
\fB\-n\fP
Used with
\fB\-x\fP.
Prepends the line number to each line in the output.
.TP
\fB\-v\fP
Enables verbose mode.
"$VERBOSE"
will be set to true.
.TP
\fB\-x\fP
Converts the eRuby script into Ruby script and prints it without line numbers.
.SH EXAMPLES
Here is an eRuby script
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
.br
<% require 'prime' -%>
.br
<erb-example>
.br
<calc><%= 1+1 %></calc>
.br
<var><%= __FILE__ %></var>
.br
<library><%= Prime.each(10).to_a.join(", ") %></library>
.br
</erb-example>
.br
Command
.nf
\& "% erb -T - example.erb"
.fi
prints
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
.br
<erb-example>
.br
<calc>2</calc>
.br
<var>example.erb</var>
.br
<library>2, 3, 5, 7</library>
.br
</erb-example>
.br
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBruby\fP(1).
And see
\fBri\fP(1)
documentation for
"ERB"
class.
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Security vulnerabilities should be reported via an email to
<security@ruby-lang.org>
Reported problems will be published after being fixed.
And you can report other bugs and feature requests via the
Ruby Issue Tracking System (http://bugs.ruby-lang.org).
Do not report security vulnerabilities
via the system because it publishes the vulnerabilities immediately.
.SH AUTHORS
Written by Masatoshi SEKI.

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.TH IRB 1 "Ruby Programmers Reference Guide" "November 7, 2012" "UNIX"
.SH NAME
\fBirb\fP
\- Interactive Ruby Shell
.SH SYNOPSIS
.br
\fBirb\fP
[\fB\--version\fP]
[\fB\-dfm\fP]
[\fB\-I\fP \fIdirectory\fP]
[\fB\-r\fP \fIlibrary\fP]
[\fB\--\fP[no]inspect]
[\fB\--\fP[no]readline]
[\fB\--prompt\fP \fImode\fP]
[\fB\--prompt-mode\fP \fImode\fP]
[\fB\--inf-ruby-mode\fP]
[\fB\--simple-prompt\fP]
[\fB\--noprompt\fP]
[\fB\--tracer\fP]
[\fB\--back-trace-limit\fP \fIn\fP]
[\fB\--irb_debug\fP \fIn\fP]
[\fB\--\fP]
[program_file]
[argument ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fBirb\fP
is the REPL(read-eval-print loop) environment for Ruby programs.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\--version\fP
Prints the version of
\fB.\fP
.TP
\fB\-E\fP \fIexternal\fP[]:\fIinternal\fP
.TP
\fB\--encoding\fP \fIexternal\fP[]:\fIinternal\fP
Same as `ruby -E' .
Specifies the default value(s) for external encodings and internal encoding. Values should be separated with colon (:).
You can omit the one for internal encodings, then the value
("Encoding.default_internal") will be nil.
.TP
\fB\-I\fP \fIpath\fP
Same as `ruby -I' .
Specifies
$LOAD_PATH
directory
.TP
\fB\-U\fP
Same as `ruby -U' .
Sets the default value for internal encodings
("Encoding.default_internal") to UTF-8.
.TP
\fB\-d\fP
Same as `ruby -d' .
Sets
$DEBUG
to true.
.TP
\fB\-f\fP
Suppresses read of
\fI~/.irbrc\fP.
.TP
\fB\-h\fP
.TP
\fB\--help\fP
Prints a summary of the options.
.TP
\fB\-m\fP
Bc mode (load mathn, fraction or matrix are available)
.TP
\fB\-r\fP \fIlibrary\fP
Same as `ruby -r'.
Causes irb to load the library using require.
.TP
\fB\--inspect\fP
Uses `inspect' for output (default except for bc mode)
.TP
\fB\--noinspect\fP
Doesn't use inspect for output
.TP
\fB\--readline\fP
Uses Readline extension module.
.TP
\fB\--noreadline\fP
Doesn't use Readline extension module.
.TP
\fB\--prompt\fP \fImode\fP
.TP
\fB\--prompt-mode\fP \fImode\fP
Switch prompt mode. Pre-defined prompt modes are
`default', `simple', `xmp' and `inf-ruby'.
.TP
\fB\--inf-ruby-mode\fP
Uses prompt appropriate for inf-ruby-mode on emacs.
Suppresses --readline.
.TP
\fB\--simple-prompt\fP
Makes prompts simple.
.TP
\fB\--noprompt\fP
No prompt mode.
.TP
\fB\--tracer\fP
Displays trace for each execution of commands.
.TP
\fB\--back-trace-limit\fP \fIn\fP
Displays backtrace top
\fIn\fP
and tail
\fIn\fP.
The default value is 16.
.TP
\fB\--irb_debug\fP \fIn\fP
Sets internal debug level to n (not for popular use)
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.TP
.B IRBRC
Also
\fBirb\fP
depends on same variables as
\fBruby\fP(1).
.SH FILES
.TP
.B ~/.irbrc
Personal irb initialization.
.SH EXAMPLES
.nf
\& % irb
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):001:0> \fB1 + 1\fP
.fi
.nf
\& 2
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):002:0> \fBdef t(x)\fP
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):003:1> \fBx+1\fP
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):004:1> \fBend\fP
.fi
.nf
\& => nil
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):005:0> \fBt(3)\fP
.fi
.nf
\& => 4
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):006:0> \fBif t(3) == 4\fP
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):007:1> \fBp :ok\fP
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):008:1> \fBend\fP
.fi
.nf
\& :ok
.fi
.nf
\& => :ok
.fi
.nf
\& irb(main):009:0> \fBquit\fP
.fi
.nf
\& %
.fi
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBruby\fP(1).
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Security vulnerabilities should be reported via an email to
<security@ruby-lang.org>
Reported problems will be published after being fixed.
And you can report other bugs and feature requests via the
Ruby Issue Tracking System (http://bugs.ruby-lang.org).
Do not report security vulnerabilities
via the system because it publishes the vulnerabilities immediately.
.SH AUTHORS
Written by Keiju ISHITSUKA.

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.TH RAKE 1 "Ruby Programmers Reference Guide" "November 7, 2012" "UNIX"
.SH NAME
\fBrake\fP
\- Ruby Make
.SH SYNOPSIS
.br
\fBrake\fP
[\fB\--f\fP \fIRakefile\fP]
[\fB\--version\fP]
[\fB\-CGNPgnqstv\fP]
[\fB\-D\fP [\fIPATTERN\fP]]
[\fB\-E\fP \fICODE\fP]
[\fB\-I\fP \fILIBDIR\fP]
[\fB\-R\fP \fIRAKELIBDIR\fP]
[\fB\-T\fP [\fIPATTERN\fP]]
[\fB\-e\fP \fICODE\fP]
[\fB\-p\fP \fICODE\fP]
[\fB\-r\fP \fIMODULE\fP]
[\fB\--rules\fP]
[\fIvariable\fP=\fIvalue\fP]
\fItarget\fP ...
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fBRake\fP
is a simple
\fBruby\fP(1)
build program with capabilities similar to the regular
\fBmake\fP(1)
command.
\fBRake\fP
has the following features:
.IP \(bu
Rakefiles (Rake's version of Makefiles) are completely defined in standard Ruby syntax.
No XML files to edit. No quirky Makefile syntax to worry about (is that a tab or a space?).
.IP \(bu
Users can specify tasks with prerequisites.
.IP \(bu
Rake supports rule patterns to synthesize implicit tasks.
.IP \(bu
Flexible FileLists that act like arrays but know about manipulating file names and paths.
.IP \(bu
A library of prepackaged tasks to make building rakefiles easier.
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\--version\fP
Display the program version.
.TP
\fB\-C\fP
.TP
\fB\--classic-namespace\fP
Put Task and FileTask in the top level namespace
.TP
\fB\-D\fP [\fIPATTERN\fP]
.TP
\fB\--describe\fP [\fIPATTERN\fP]
Describe the tasks (matching optional
\fIPATTERN\fP
), then exit.
.TP
\fB\-E\fP \fICODE\fP
.TP
\fB\--execute-continue\fP \fICODE\fP
Execute some Ruby code, then continue with normal task processing.
.TP
\fB\-G\fP
.TP
\fB\--no-system\fP
.TP
\fB\--nosystem\fP
Use standard project Rakefile search paths, ignore system wide rakefiles.
.TP
\fB\-I\fP \fILIBDIR\fP
.TP
\fB\--libdir\fP \fILIBDIR\fP
Include
\fILIBDIR\fP
in the search path for required modules.
.TP
\fB\-N\fP
.TP
\fB\--no-search\fP
.TP
\fB\--nosearch\fP
Do not search parent directories for the Rakefile.
.TP
\fB\-P\fP
.TP
\fB\--prereqs\fP
Display the tasks and dependencies, then exit.
.TP
\fB\-R\fP \fIRAKELIBDIR\fP
.TP
\fB\--rakelib\fP \fIRAKELIBDIR\fP
.TP
\fB\--rakelibdir\fP \fIRAKELIBDIR\fP
Auto-import any .rake files in
\fIRAKELIBDIR\fP.
(default is
\fIrakelib\fP
)
.TP
\fB\-T\fP [\fIPATTERN\fP]
.TP
\fB\--tasks\fP [\fIPATTERN\fP]
Display the tasks (matching optional
\fIPATTERN\fP
) with descriptions, then exit.
.TP
\fB\-e\fP \fICODE\fP
.TP
\fB\--execute\fP \fICODE\fP
Execute some Ruby code and exit.
.TP
\fB\-f\fP \fIFILE\fP
.TP
\fB\--rakefile\fP \fIFILE\fP
Use FILE as the rakefile.
.TP
\fB\-h\fP
.TP
\fB\--help\fP
Prints a summary of options.
.TP
\fB\-g\fP
.TP
\fB\--system\fP
Using system wide (global) rakefiles (usually
\fI~/.rake/*.rake\fP
).
.TP
\fB\-n\fP
.TP
\fB\--dry-run\fP
Do a dry run without executing actions.
.TP
\fB\-p\fP \fICODE\fP
.TP
\fB\--execute-print\fP \fICODE\fP
Execute some Ruby code, print the result, then exit.
.TP
\fB\-q\fP
.TP
\fB\--quiet\fP
Do not log messages to standard output.
.TP
\fB\-r\fP \fIMODULE\fP
.TP
\fB\--require\fP \fIMODULE\fP
Require MODULE before executing rakefile.
.TP
\fB\-s\fP
.TP
\fB\--silent\fP
Like
\fB\--quiet\fP,
but also suppresses the 'in directory' announcement.
.TP
\fB\-t\fP
.TP
\fB\--trace\fP
Turn on invoke/execute tracing, enable full backtrace.
.TP
\fB\-v\fP
.TP
\fB\--verbose\fP
Log message to standard output (default).
.TP
\fB\--rules\fP
Trace the rules resolution.
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.TP
.B RAKE_SYSTEM
The directory path containing the system wide rakefiles.
.TP
.B RAKE_COLUMNS
Override the number of columns used for output, such as
\fB\-Fl\fP tasks
.TP
.B RAKEOPT
Used to provide default command line arguments to Rake.
.TP
.B TAGS
Generate an Emacs TAGS file
.TP
.B TEST
The list of test files will be overridden to include only the filename specified on the command line.
This provides an easy way to run just one test.
.TP
.B TESTOPTS
.TP
.B TESTOPT
.TP
.B TEST_OPTS
.TP
.B TEST_OPT
The given options are passed to the test process after a
\fB\-Fl\fP
This allows Test::Unit options to be passed to the test suite.
.TP
.B USERPROFILE
.TP
.B HOME
.TP
.B HOMEDRIVE
.TP
.B HOMEPATH
The standard directory containing system wide rake files on Win 32 systems.
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBruby\fP(1)
\fBmake\fP(1)
\fIhttp://rake.rubyforge.org/\fP
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Bugs, features requests and other issues can be logged at
<\fIhttp://onestepback.org/redmine/projects/show/rake\fP.>
You will need an account to before you can post issues. Register at
<\fIhttp://onestepback.org/redmine/account/register\fP.>
Or you can send an email to the author.
.SH AUTHOR
\fBRake\fP
is written by
Jim Weirich <jim@weirichhouse.org>

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.TH RI 1 "Ruby Programmers Reference Guide" "November 7, 2012" "UNIX"
.SH NAME
\fBri\fP
\- Ruby API reference front end
.SH SYNOPSIS
.br
\fBri\fP
[\fB\-Ti\fP]
[\fB\-d\fP \fIdirectory\fP]
[\fB\-f\fP \fIformat\fP]
[\fB\--list-doc-dirs\fP]
[\fB\--no-standard-docs\fP]
[\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]Bro \fBsystem\fP|\fBsite\fP|\fBgems\fP|\fBhome\fP Brc]
[\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]\fBuse-cache\fP]
[\fB\--width\fP=\fIwidth\fP]
[\fItarget\fP ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
\fBri\fP
is a CLI front end for the Ruby API reference.
You can search and read API reference for classes and methods with
\fB.\fP
\fBri\fP
is a part of Ruby.
\fItarget\fP
can be one of the following forms:
It Class
for classes
It Class::method
for class methods
It Class#method
for instance methods
It Class.method
for both class and instance methods
It method
for both class and instance methods
All class names may be abbreviated to their minimum unambiguous form. If a name
is ambiguous, all valid options will be listed.
For example:
ri Fil
.br
ri File
.br
ri File.new
.br
ri zip
.br
Note that shell quoting may be required for method names containing
punctuation:
ri 'Array.[]'
.br
ri compact\!
.br
.SH OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\--version\fP
Prints the version of
\fB.\fP
.TP
\fB\-T\fP
.TP
\fB\--no-pager\fP
Send output directly to stdout, rather than to a pager.
.TP
\fB\-d\fP \fIdirectory\fP
.TP
\fB\--doc-dir\fP=\fIdirectory\fP
List of directories from which to source documentation in addition to the standard
directories. May be repeated.
.TP
\fB\-f\fP \fIFORMAT\fP
.TP
\fB\--fmt\fP \fIFORMAT\fP
.TP
\fB\--format\fP=FORMAT
Format to use when displaying output:
ansi, bs, html, plain, simple
Use 'bs' (backspace) with most pager programs. To use ANSI, either disable the
pager or tell the pager to allow control characters.
.TP
\fB\-i\fP
.TP
\fB\--interactive\fP
This makes
\fBri\fP
go into interactive mode.
When
\fBri\fP
is in interactive mode it will allow the user to disambiguate lists of
methods in case multiple methods match against a method search string. It also
will allow the user to enter in a method name (with auto-completion, if readline
is supported) when viewing a class.
.TP
\fB\--list-doc-dirs\fP
List the directories from which ri will source documentation on stdout and exit.
.TP
\fB\--no-standard-docs\fP
Do not include documentation from the Ruby standard library,
\fIsite_lib\fP,
installed gems, or
\fI~/.rdoc\fP.
Equivalent to specifying the options
\fB\--no-system\fP,\fB\--no-site\fP,\fB\--no-gems\fP,
and
\fB\--no-home\fP.
.TP
\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]\fBsystem\fP
Include documentation from Ruby's standard library. Defaults to true.
.TP
\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]\fBsite\fP
Include documentation from libraries installed in site_lib. Defaults to true.
.TP
\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]\fBgems\fP
Include documentation from RubyGems. Defaults to true.
.TP
\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]\fBhome\fP
Include documentation stored in ~/.rdoc. Defaults to true.
.TP
\fB\--\fP[\fBno-\fP]\fBuse-cache\fP
Whether or not to use
\fBNs\fP
's cache. True by default.
.TP
\fB\-w\fP \fIwidth\fP
.TP
\fB\--width\fP=\fIwidth\fP
Set the width of the output.
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.TP
.B RI
Additional options.
.TP
.B PAGER
Used as the name of pager program for displaying.
.TP
.B HOME
.TP
.B USERPROFILE
.TP
.B HOMEPATH
Path to user's home directory.
.SH FILES
.TP
.B ~/.ri
Caches recently referenced documents here.
.TP
.B ~/.rdoc
Searches user-wide documents here.
.SH SEE ALSO
\fBruby\fP(1)
\fBrdoc\fP(1)
\fBgem\fP(1)
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Security vulnerabilities should be reported via an email to
<security@ruby-lang.org>
Reported problems will be published after being fixed.
And you can report other bugs and feature requests via the
Ruby Issue Tracking System (http://bugs.ruby-lang.org).
Do not report security vulnerabilities
via the system because it publishes the vulnerabilities immediately.
.SH AUTHORS
Written by Dave Thomas
<dave@pragmaticprogrammer.com>

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.TH RUBY 1 "Ruby Programmers Reference Guide" "November 7, 2012" "UNIX"
.SH NAME
\fBruby\fP
\- Interpreted object-oriented scripting language
.SH SYNOPSIS
.br
\fBruby\fP
[\fB\--copyright\fP]
[\fB\--version\fP]
[\fB\-SUacdlnpswvy\fP]
[\fB\-0\fP[\fIoctal\fP]]
[\fB\-C\fP \fIdirectory\fP]
[\fB\-E\fP \fIexternal\fP[]]:\fIinternal\fP
[\fB\-F\fP \fIpattern\fP]
[\fB\-I\fP \fIdirectory\fP]
[\fB\-K\fP \fIc\fP]
[\fB\-T\fP[\fIlevel\fP]]
[\fB\-W\fP[\fIlevel\fP]]
[\fB\-e\fP \fIcommand\fP]
[\fB\-i\fP[\fIextension\fP]]
[\fB\-r\fP \fIlibrary\fP]
[\fB\-x\fP[\fIdirectory\fP]]
[-Bro \fBenable\fP|\fBdisable\fP Brc-\fIFEATURE\fP]
[\fB\--dump\fP=\fItarget\fP]
[\fB\--verbose\fP]
[\fB\--\fP]
[\fIprogram_file\fP]
[\fIargument\fP ...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
Ruby is an interpreted scripting language for quick and easy
object-oriented programming. It has many features to process text
files and to do system management tasks (like in Perl). It is simple,
straight-forward, and extensible.
If you want a language for easy object-oriented programming, or you
don't like the Perl ugliness, or you do like the concept of LISP, but
don't like too many parentheses, Ruby might be your language of
choice.
.SH FEATURES
Ruby's features are as follows:
.TP
.B "Interpretive"
Ruby is an interpreted language, so you don't have to recompile
programs written in Ruby to execute them.
.TP
.B "Variables have no type (dynamic typing)"
Variables in Ruby can contain data of any type. You don't have to
worry about variable typing. Consequently, it has a weaker compile
time check.
.TP
.B "No declaration needed"
You can use variables in your Ruby programs without any declarations.
Variable names denote their scope - global, class, instance, or local.
.TP
.B "Simple syntax"
Ruby has a simple syntax influenced slightly from Eiffel.
.TP
.B "No user-level memory management"
Ruby has automatic memory management. Objects no longer referenced
from anywhere are automatically collected by the garbage collector
built into the interpreter.
.TP
.B "Everything is an object"
Ruby is a purely object-oriented language, and was so since its
creation. Even such basic data as integers are seen as objects.
.TP
.B "Class, inheritance, and methods"
Being an object-oriented language, Ruby naturally has basic
features like classes, inheritance, and methods.
.TP
.B "Singleton methods"
Ruby has the ability to define methods for certain objects. For
example, you can define a press-button action for certain widget by
defining a singleton method for the button. Or, you can make up your
own prototype based object system using singleton methods, if you want
to.
.TP
.B "Mix-in by modules"
Ruby intentionally does not have the multiple inheritance as it is a
source of confusion. Instead, Ruby has the ability to share
implementations across the inheritance tree. This is often called a
`Mix-in'.
.TP
.B "Iterators"
Ruby has iterators for loop abstraction.
.TP
.B "Closures"
In Ruby, you can objectify the procedure.
.TP
.B "Text processing and regular expressions"
Ruby has a bunch of text processing features like in Perl.
.TP
.B "M17N, character set independent"
Ruby supports multilingualized programming. Easy to process texts
written in many different natural languages and encoded in many
different character encodings, without dependence on Unicode.
.TP
.B "Bignums"
With built-in bignums, you can for example calculate factorial(400).
.TP
.B "Reflection and domain specific languages"
Class is also an instance of the Class class. Definition of classes and methods
is an expression just as 1+1 is. So your programs can even write and modify programs.
Thus you can write your application in your own programming language on top of Ruby.
.TP
.B "Exception handling"
As in Java(tm).
.TP
.B "Direct access to the OS"
Ruby can use most
UNIX
system calls, often used in system programming.
.TP
.B "Dynamic loading"
On most
UNIX
systems, you can load object files into the Ruby interpreter
on-the-fly.
.TP
.B "Rich libraries"
Libraries called "builtin libraries" and "standard libraries" are bundled with Ruby.
And you can obtain more libraries via the package management system called `RubyGems'.
Moreover there are thousands of Ruby projects on GitHub
<\fIhttps://github.com/languages/Ruby\fP.>
.SH OPTIONS
Ruby interpreter accepts following command-line options (switches).
They are quite similar to those of
\fBperl\fP(1).
.TP
\fB\--copyright\fP
Prints the copyright notice.
.TP
\fB\--version\fP
Prints the version of Ruby interpreter.
.TP
\fB\-0\fP[\fIoctal\fP]
(The digit
``zero''.)
Specifies the input record separator
("$/")
as an octal number. If no digit is given, the null character is taken
as the separator. Other switches may follow the digits.
\fB\-00\fP
turns Ruby into paragraph mode.
\fB\-0777\fP
makes Ruby read whole file at once as a single string since there is
no legal character with that value.
.TP
\fB\-C\fP \fIdirectory\fP
.TP
\fB\-X\fP \fIdirectory\fP
Causes Ruby to switch to the directory.
.TP
\fB\-E\fP \fIexternal\fP[]:\fIinternal\fP
.TP
\fB\--encoding\fP \fIexternal\fP[]:\fIinternal\fP
Specifies the default value(s) for external encodings and internal encoding. Values should be separated with colon (:).
You can omit the one for internal encodings, then the value
("Encoding.default_internal") will be nil.
.TP
\fB\--external-encoding\fP=\fIencoding\fP
.TP
\fB\--internal-encoding\fP=\fIencoding\fP
Specify the default external or internal character encoding
.TP
\fB\-F\fP \fIpattern\fP
Specifies input field separator
("$;").
.TP
\fB\-I\fP \fIdirectory\fP
Used to tell Ruby where to load the library scripts. Directory path
will be added to the load-path variable
("$:").
.TP
\fB\-K\fP \fIkcode\fP
Specifies KANJI (Japanese) encoding. The default value for script encodings
("__ENCODING__") and external encodings ("Encoding.default_external") will be the specified one.
\fIkcode\fP
can be one of
.TP
.B e
EUC-JP
.TP
.B s
Windows-31J (CP932)
.TP
.B u
UTF-8
.TP
.B n
ASCII-8BIT (BINARY)
.TP
\fB\-S\fP
Makes Ruby use the
.IR PATH
environment variable to search for script, unless its name begins
with a slash. This is used to emulate
#!
on machines that don't support it, in the following manner:
#! /usr/local/bin/ruby
.br
# This line makes the next one a comment in Ruby \e
.br
exec /usr/local/bin/ruby -S $0 $*
.br
.TP
\fB\-T\fP[\fIlevel=1\fP]
Turns on taint checks at the specified level (default 1).
.TP
\fB\-U\fP
Sets the default value for internal encodings
("Encoding.default_internal") to UTF-8.
.TP
\fB\-W\fP[\fIlevel=2\fP]
Turns on verbose mode at the specified level without printing the version
message at the beginning. The level can be;
.TP
.B 0
Verbose mode is "silence". It sets the
"$VERBOSE"
to nil.
.TP
.B 1
Verbose mode is "medium". It sets the
"$VERBOSE"
to false.
.TP
.B 2 (default)
Verbose mode is "verbose". It sets the
"$VERBOSE"
to true.
\fB\-W\fP
2 is same as
\fB\-w\fP
.TP
\fB\-a\fP
Turns on auto-split mode when used with
\fB\-n\fP
or
\fB\-p\fP.
In auto-split mode, Ruby executes
.nf
\& $F = $_.split
.fi
at beginning of each loop.
.TP
\fB\-c\fP
Causes Ruby to check the syntax of the script and exit without
executing. If there are no syntax errors, Ruby will print
``Syntax OK''
to the standard output.
.TP
\fB\-d\fP
.TP
\fB\--debug\fP
Turns on debug mode.
"$DEBUG"
will be set to true.
.TP
\fB\-e\fP \fIcommand\fP
Specifies script from command-line while telling Ruby not to search
the rest of the arguments for a script file name.
.TP
\fB\-h\fP
.TP
\fB\--help\fP
Prints a summary of the options.
.TP
\fB\-i\fP \fIextension\fP
Specifies in-place-edit mode. The extension, if specified, is added
to old file name to make a backup copy. For example:
% echo matz > /tmp/junk
.br
% cat /tmp/junk
.br
matz
.br
% ruby -p -i.bak -e '$_.upcase!' /tmp/junk
.br
% cat /tmp/junk
.br
MATZ
.br
% cat /tmp/junk.bak
.br
matz
.br
.TP
\fB\-l\fP
(The lowercase letter
``ell''.)
Enables automatic line-ending processing, which means to firstly set
"$\e"
to the value of
"$/",
and secondly chops every line read using
chop!.
.TP
\fB\-n\fP
Causes Ruby to assume the following loop around your script, which
makes it iterate over file name arguments somewhat like
\fBsed\fP
\fB\-n\fP
or
\fBawk\fP.
while gets
.br
...
.br
end
.br
.TP
\fB\-p\fP
Acts mostly same as -n switch, but print the value of variable
"$_"
at the each end of the loop. For example:
% echo matz | ruby -p -e '$_.tr! "a-z", "A-Z"'
.br
MATZ
.br
.TP
\fB\-r\fP \fIlibrary\fP
Causes Ruby to load the library using require. It is useful when using
\fB\-n\fP
or
\fB\-p\fP.
.TP
\fB\-s\fP
Enables some switch parsing for switches after script name but before
any file name arguments (or before a
\fB\--\fP).
Any switches found there are removed from
ARGV
and set the corresponding variable in the script. For example:
#! /usr/local/bin/ruby -s
.br
# prints "true" if invoked with `-xyz' switch.
.br
print "true\en" if $xyz
.br
On some systems
"$0"
does not always contain the full pathname, so you need the
\fB\-S\fP
switch to tell Ruby to search for the script if necessary (to handle embedded
spaces and such). A better construct than
"$*"
would be
${1+"$@"},
but it does not work if the script is being interpreted by
\fBcsh\fP(1).
.TP
\fB\-v\fP
Enables verbose mode. Ruby will print its version at the beginning
and set the variable
"$VERBOSE"
to true. Some methods print extra messages if this variable is true.
If this switch is given, and no other switches are present, Ruby quits
after printing its version.
.TP
\fB\-w\fP
Enables verbose mode without printing version message at the
beginning. It sets the
"$VERBOSE"
variable to true.
.TP
\fB\-x\fP[\fIdirectory\fP]
Tells Ruby that the script is embedded in a message. Leading garbage
will be discarded until the first line that starts with
``#!''
and contains the string,
``ruby''.
Any meaningful switches on that line will be applied. The end of the script
must be specified with either
EOF,
"^D" ("control-D"),
"^Z" ("control-Z"),
or the reserved word
__END__.
If the directory name is specified, Ruby will switch to that directory
before executing script.
.TP
\fB\-y\fP
.TP
\fB\--yydebug\fP
DO NOT USE.
Turns on compiler debug mode. Ruby will print a bunch of internal
state messages during compilation. Only specify this switch you are going to
debug the Ruby interpreter.
.TP
\fB\--disable-\fP\fIFEATURE\fP
.TP
\fB\--enable-\fP\fIFEATURE\fP
Disables (or enables) the specified
\fIFEATURE\fP
\&.
.TP
\fB\--disable-gems\fP
.TP
\fB\--enable-gems\fP
Disables (or enables) RubyGems libraries. By default, Ruby will load the latest
version of each installed gem. The
Gem
constant is true if RubyGems is enabled, false if otherwise.
.TP
\fB\--disable-rubyopt\fP
.TP
\fB\--enable-rubyopt\fP
Ignores (or considers) the
.IR RUBYOPT
environment variable. By default, Ruby considers the variable.
.TP
\fB\--disable-all\fP
.TP
\fB\--enable-all\fP
Disables (or enables) all features.
.TP
\fB\--dump\fP=\fItarget\fP
DO NOT USE.
Prints the specified target.
\fItarget\fP
can be one of;
.TP
.B insns
disassembled instructions
Only specify this switch if you are going to debug the Ruby interpreter.
.TP
\fB\--verbose\fP
Enables verbose mode without printing version message at the
beginning. It sets the
"$VERBOSE"
variable to true.
If this switch is given, and no other switches are present, Ruby quits
after printing its version.
.SH ENVIRONMENT
.TP
.B RUBYLIB
A colon-separated list of directories that are added to Ruby's
library load path
("$:"). Directories from this environment variable are searched
before the standard load path is searched.
e.g.:
.nf
\& RUBYLIB="$HOME/lib/ruby:$HOME/lib/rubyext"
.fi
.TP
.B RUBYOPT
Additional Ruby options.
e.g.
.nf
\& RUBYOPT="-w -Ke"
.fi
Note that RUBYOPT can contain only
\fB\-d\fP,\fB\-E\fP,\fB\-I\fP,\fB\-K\fP,\fB\-r\fP,\fB\-T\fP,\fB\-U\fP,\fB\-v\fP,\fB\-w\fP,\fB\-W,\fP \fB\--debug\fP,
\fB\--disable-\fP\fIFEATURE\fP
and
\fB\--enable-\fP\fIFEATURE\fP.
.TP
.B RUBYPATH
A colon-separated list of directories that Ruby searches for
Ruby programs when the
\fB\-S\fP
flag is specified. This variable precedes the
.IR PATH
environment variable.
.TP
.B RUBYSHELL
The path to the system shell command. This environment variable is
enabled for only mswin32, mingw32, and OS/2 platforms. If this
variable is not defined, Ruby refers to
.IR COMSPEC.
.TP
.B PATH
Ruby refers to the
.IR PATH
environment variable on calling Kernel#system.
.TP
.B RUBYLIB_PREFIX
This variable is obsolete.
And Ruby depends on some RubyGems related environment variables unless RubyGems is disabled.
See the help of
\fBgem\fP(1)
as bellow.
% gem help
.br
.SH SEE ALSO
.TP
http://www.ruby-lang.org
The official web site.
.TP
http://www.rubyforge.org
hosting many open source ruby projects.
.TP
https://www.ruby-toolbox.com
Comprehensive catalog of Ruby libraries.
.SH REPORTING BUGS
Security vulnerabilities should be reported via an email to
<security@ruby-lang.org>
Reported problems will be published after they've been fixed.
And you can report other bugs and feature requests via the
Ruby Issue Tracking System (http://bugs.ruby-lang.org).
Do not report security vulnerabilities
via the system because it publishes the vulnerabilities immediately.
.SH AUTHORS
Ruby is designed and implemented by
Yukihiro Matsumoto <matz@netlab.jp>.
See
<\fIhttp://bugs.ruby-lang.org/wiki/ruby/Contributors\fP>
for contributors to Ruby.